Pandion embassy Buddhism and the Roman world

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the pompeii lakshmi ivory statuette, found in 1938 in ruins of pompeii (destroyed in 79 ce), thought have originated in bhokardan, satavahana empire . testifies intensity of indo-roman trade relations @ time.



roman historical accounts describe embassy sent indian king porus (pandion (?) pandya (?) or pandita (?)) caesar augustus sometime between 22 bc , 13 ad. embassy travelling diplomatic letter on skin in greek, , 1 of members sramana burned himself alive in athens demonstrate faith. event made sensation , described nicolaus of damascus, met embassy @ antioch (near present day antakya in turkey) , related strabo (xv,1,73 ) , dio cassius (liv, 9). tomb made sramana, still visible in time of plutarch, bore mention:



ΖΑΡΜΑΝΟΧΗΓΑΣ ΙΝΔΟΣ ΑΠΟ ΒΑΡΓΟΣΗΣ




( zarmanochegas barygaza in india )



strabo states nicolaus of damascus in giving details of tomb inscription specified name zarmanochegas , immortalized himself according custom of country. cassius dio (hist 54.9) , plutarch cite same story charles eliot in hinduism , buddhism: historical sketch (1921) considers name zarmanochegas perhaps contains 2 words sramana , acarya. hl jones translation of inscription mentioned strabo reads sramana master, indian, native of bargosa, having immortalized himself according custom of country, lies here.


these accounts @ least indicate indian religious men (sramanas, buddhists belonged, opposed hindu brahmanas) circulating in levant during time of jesus.








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