Quantum mind approaches Quantum mind

1 quantum mind approaches

1.1 bohm
1.2 penrose , hameroff
1.3 umezawa, vitiello, freeman
1.4 pribram, bohm, kak
1.5 stapp
1.6 david pearce

quantum mind approaches
bohm

david bohm viewed quantum theory , relativity contradictory, implied more fundamental level in universe. claimed both quantum theory , relativity pointed towards deeper theory, formulated quantum field theory. more fundamental level proposed represent undivided wholeness , implicate order, arises explicate order of universe experience it.

bohm s proposed implicate order applies both matter , consciousness. suggested explain relationship between them. saw mind , matter projections our explicate order underlying implicate order. bohm claimed when @ matter, see nothing helps understand consciousness.

bohm discussed experience of listening music. believed feeling of movement , change make our experience of music derive holding immediate past , present in brain together. musical notes past transformations rather memories. notes implicate in immediate past become explicate in present. bohm viewed consciousness emerging implicate order.

bohm saw movement, change or flow, , coherence of experiences, such listening music, manifestation of implicate order. claimed derive evidence jean piaget s work on infants. held these studies show young children learn time , space because have hard-wired understanding of movement part of implicate order. compared hard-wiring chomsky s theory grammar hard-wired human brains.

bohm never proposed specific means proposal falsified, nor neural mechanism through implicate order emerge in way relevant consciousness. bohm later collaborated on karl pribram s holonomic brain theory model of quantum consciousness.

according philosopher paavo pylkkänen, bohm s suggestion leads naturally assumption physical correlate of logical thinking process @ classically describable level of brain, while basic thinking process @ quantum-theoretically describable level.

penrose , hameroff

theoretical physicist roger penrose , anaesthesiologist stuart hameroff collaborated produce theory known orchestrated objective reduction (orch-or). penrose , hameroff developed ideas separately , later collaborated produce orch-or in 1990s. theory reviewed , updated authors in late 2013.

penrose s argument stemmed gödel s incompleteness theorems. in penrose s first book on consciousness, emperor s new mind (1989), argued while formal system cannot prove own consistency, gödel’s unprovable results provable human mathematicians. took disparity mean human mathematicians not formal proof systems , not running computable algorithm. according bringsjorg , xiao, line of reasoning based on fallacious equivocation on meaning of computation.

penrose determined wave function collapse possible physical basis non-computable process. dissatisfied randomness, penrose proposed new form of wave function collapse occurred in isolation , called objective reduction. suggested each quantum superposition has own piece of spacetime curvature , when these become separated more 1 planck length become unstable , collapse. penrose suggested objective reduction represented neither randomness nor algorithmic processing instead non-computable influence in spacetime geometry mathematical understanding and, later extension, consciousness derived.

hameroff provided hypothesis microtubules suitable hosts quantum behavior. microtubules composed of tubulin protein dimer subunits. dimers each have hydrophobic pockets 8 nm apart , may contain delocalized pi electrons. tubulins have other smaller non-polar regions contain pi electron-rich indole rings separated 2 nm. hameroff proposed these electrons close enough become entangled. hameroff suggested tubulin-subunit electrons form bose–einstein condensate, discredited. proposed frohlich condensate, hypothetical coherent oscillation of dipolar molecules. however, experimentally discredited.

furthermore, proposed condensates in 1 neuron extend many others via gap junctions between neurons, forming macroscopic quantum feature across extended area of brain. when wave function of extended condensate collapsed, suggested non-computationally access mathematical understanding , conscious experience hypothetically embedded in geometry of spacetime.

however, orch-or made numerous false biological predictions, , not accepted model of brain physiology. in other words, there missing link between physics , neuroscience, instance, proposed predominance of lattice microtubules, more suitable information processing, falsified kikkawa et al., showed in vivo microtubules have b lattice , seam. proposed existence of gap junctions between neurons , glial cells falsified. orch-or predicted microtubule coherence reaches synapses via dendritic lamellar bodies (dlbs), de zeeuw et al. proved impossible, showing dlbs located micrometers away gap junctions.

in january 2014, hameroff , penrose claimed discovery of quantum vibrations in microtubules anirban bandyopadhyay of national institute materials science in japan in march 2013 corroborates orch-or theory.

umezawa, vitiello, freeman

hiroomi umezawa , collaborators proposed quantum field theory of memory storage. giuseppe vitiello , walter freeman proposed dialog model of mind. dialog takes place between classical , quantum parts of brain. quantum field theory models of brain dynamics fundamentally different penrose-hameroff theory.

pribram, bohm, kak

karl pribram s holonomic brain theory (quantum holography) invoked quantum mechanics explain higher order processing mind. argued holonomic model solved binding problem. pribram collaborated bohm in work on quantum approaches mind , provided evidence on how of processing in brain done in wholes. proposed ordered water @ dendritic membrane surfaces might operate structuring bose-einstein condensation supporting quantum dynamics.

although subhash kak s work not directly related of pribram, likewise proposed physical substrate neural networks has quantum basis, asserted quantum mind has machine-like limitations. points role quantum theory in distinction between machine intelligence , biological intelligence, in cannot explain aspects of consciousness.

stapp

henry stapp proposed quantum waves reduced when interact consciousness. argues orthodox quantum mechanics of john von neumann quantum state collapses when observer selects 1 among alternative quantum possibilities basis future action. collapse, therefore, takes place in expectation observer associated state. stapp s work drew criticism scientists such david bourget , danko georgiev. georgiev criticized stapp s model in 2 respects:

stapp s mind not have own wavefunction or density matrix, nevertheless can act upon brain using projection operators. such usage not compatible standard quantum mechanics because 1 can attach number of ghostly minds point in space act upon physical quantum systems projection operators. therefore, stapp s model negates prevailing principles of physics .
stapp s claim quantum zeno effect robust against environmental decoherence directly contradicts basic theorem in quantum information theory acting projection operators upon density matrix of quantum system can increase system s von neumann entropy.

stapp has responded both of georgiev s objections.

david pearce

british philosopher david pearce defends calls physicalistic idealism ( physicalistic idealism non-materialist physicalist claim reality fundamentally experiential , natural world exhaustively described equations of physics , solutions [...] ), , has conjectured unitary conscious minds physical states of quantum coherence (neuronal superpositions). conjecture is, according pearce, amenable falsification unlike theories of consciousness, , pearce has outlined experimental protocol describing how hypothesis tested.