Parks of the Mitterrand era .281981.E2.80.931995.29 History of parks and gardens of Paris

1 parks of mitterrand era (1981–1995)

1.1 parc georges-brassens (1984)
1.2 parc de belleville (1988)
1.3 parc de la villette (1987–1991)
1.4 parc andré citroën (1992)
1.5 promenade plantée (1993)
1.6 jardin atlantique (1994)
1.7 parc de bercy (1994–1997)

parks of mitterrand era (1981–1995)

during fourteen-year presidency of francois mitterrand, coinciding bicentennial of french revolution, paris saw explosion of major public works projects, including opera bastille, louvre pyramid , underground courtyard, , new national library. mitterrand projects included opening 1 hundred , fifty new parks, squares , gardens, larger number constructed under napoleon iii, though total area of new parks smaller. unlike second empire, when new gardens followed same basic plan , picturesque style, mitterrand-era gardens built different architects , landscape architects, , offered wide variety of styles , designs, miniature recreations of natural wilderness high-tech. many of new parks , gardens, such la villette, built on former industrial sites, , majority built in outer neighborhoods of city, population dense. of new parks featured works of contemporary art , sculpture.

the landscape architect bernard tschumi, designed gardens of parc de la villette, tried explain philosophy of new parks in book entitled parks of 21st century (1987) : conditions of modern city have made invalid historic prototype of park image of nature. park can no longer conceived model of utopian world in miniature, protected vulgar reality. rather place of escape, contemporary park should seen environment defined preoccupations of inhabitants of city, of recreation needs , pleasures defined working conditions , cultural aspirations of contemporary urban society.

parc georges-brassens (1984)

the centerpiece of parc georges-brassens belfry of old auction market of abattoirs of vaugirard.

parc georges-brassens (15th arrondissement), occupying 7.4 hectares, located on site of former vaugirard slaughterhouse , horse market 1894–1897, demolished between 1969 , 1979. design, architects ghiulamila , milliex , landscape architect daniel collin, preserved picturesque elements of original market, including belfry of old auction market of abattoirs of vaugirard, , covered horse market, serves on weekends site of antiquarian book market. modern sculptures of horses stand @ entrance garden. corners of park occupied pre-school , day care center, , theater. landscape garden in center of park, in picturesque tradition of alphand , second empire, has lake, winding paths, flowerbeds, rose garden , garden of aromatic plants. slope of park has dry cascade of artificial stones, children climb.

parc de belleville (1988)

the parc de belleville, in 20th arrondissement, has panoramic highest park in paris, , encourages visitors sit on grass.

the parc de belleville, in 20th arrondissement, mitterrand-era park. designed architect francois debulois , landscape architect paul brichet, , built on steeply-sloping site covered 4.5 hectares, on hill of belleville, highest point in city. park located not far parc des buttes-chaumont, , shared of same picturesque elements second-empire park, including terrace , belvedere @ top of park panoramic view of city, winding paths along hillsides, abundant flowerbeds , groves of trees, , series of cascades top of hill down semi-circular basin, under rue julian lacroix circular basin in garden in jardin de pali-kao, miniature park of 3 thousand square meters opened in 1989. visitors park invited sit on abundant lawns of park, practice long discouraged in paris parks. buttes-chaumont, parc de belleville had grotto, built side of old stone quarries, had closed because of vandalism , security concerns.

parc de la villette (1987–1991)

parc de la villette, high-tech amusement park, has ten different thematic gardens , playgrounds

the parc de la villette formerly main slaughterhouse of city, located in 19th arrondissement @ intersection of canal de l ourq , canal saint-denis. 1 structure remains old site, grande halle, built in 1867 jules de merindol, student of baltard, had built famous glass , iron structures of les halles. in 1982, , international competition selected landscape architect bernard tschumi design park. final design composed of ten thematic gardens, tschumi described cinematic promenade of different sights , styles.

the parc de la villette more in category of high-tech amusement park, disneyland or tivoli gardens, traditional park. twenty hectares of fifty-five hectare site devoted buildings , structures, including cite des sciences et de l industrie, cite de la musique, zenith performance hall, full-sized submarine, , central landmark, mirror-surfaced geode, geodesic dome. ten thematic gardens include playgrounds , small peaceful sanctuaries; include garden of mirrors, garden of shadows, garden of islands, garden of bamboos, garden of dunes, , several thematic playgrounds, including 1 slide in form of dragon. gardens feature works of sculpture noted artists , sculptors, including claes oldenburg , daniel buren.

parc andré citroën (1992)

parc andré-citroën combines vast recreation lawn series of small thematic gardens

parc andré citroën, located on seine in 15th arrondissement, site of citroën automobile factory 1915 until 1970s. plan new park developed landscape architects gilles clément , alain provost, along architects patrick berger, jean-françois jodry, , jean-pierre viguier. of mitterrand-era parks, combined 2 different styles of parks, recreation park , picturesque floral park; centerpiece of 24-hectare park large lawn, 273 85 meters, dedicated recreation, sports , relaxation. natural , pure garden aspect of park expressed 2 large greenhouses in southeast overlooking park, 1 orangerie , other displaying plants of mediterranean. there series of 6 small serial gardens, each associated different metal, planet, state of water, , sense; , garden of movement , meadow of different grasses blown wind. canal frames 1 side of large lawn, while serial gardens, each in own alcove, enclose other side.

promenade plantée (1993)

the promenade plantée, built on abandoned railway viaduct ten meters above city, stretches 4.7 kilometers place de la bastille edge of city.

the promenade plantée, in 12th arrondissement, original of paris parks. creation of landscape architect jacques vergely , architect philippe mathieux, built ten meters above street on abandoned viaduct of vincennes railway, had been built under napoleon iii in 1859. park extends 4.7 kilometers, site of former bastille station of railroad line, close place de la bastille, verneuil-l etang, @ peripheric highway @ outer edge of city. park offers variety of different landscapes, bamboo forest picturesque flower garden, fine views of city. accessed number of stairways along route, , enclosed. preference given people strolling, though joggers allowed, if not impede promenaders. because of narrow width of promenade, bicycles not permitted.

the promenade plantée has inspired similar parks in other cities; high line in chelsea neighborhood of new york city, opened in 2009, , three-mile bloomingdale trail in chicago.

jardin atlantique (1994)

the room of undulating grasses in jardin atlantique, on roof of gare montparnasse railway station.

the jardin atlantique in 15th arrondissement, promenade plantée, has highly unusual site, perched on twelve concrete pillars seventeen meters above street level, atop roof on gare montparnasse railway station, connects paris west of france. designed landscape architects michael pena , françois brun, , reportedly expensive park built in paris. other mitterrand-era parks, has central lawn, surrounded thematic gardens , sprinkled modern sculpture , fountains. has thirty openings, provide ventilation , light train tracks , platforms below, , announcements of train arrivals , departures can heard in park above. design of park has vague resemblance deck of ocean liner, in keeping connection of train station atlantic seaports of cherbourg , le havre.

because of weight limitations , limited depth of soil, has high proportion of concrete , other structural materials compared amount of greenery. nonetheless, park has 5 hundred trees, planted in cubic stone boxes. thematic gardens include garden of varied moving in wind; garden of aquatic plants; garden of coastal plants, garden of blue , mauve colored flowers; , hall of silence , meditation garden.

parc de bercy (1994–1997)

the jardin romantique of parc de bercy in autumn



parterres in parc de bercy

the site of parc de bercy, alongside seine in 12th arrondissement, @ edge of city limits until time of napoleon iii. site of wine depot barrels wine , spirits unloaded barges , taxed before delivered city. under mitterrand program, new park intended east-paris equivalent of tuileries garden, alongside seine in center of city. site had wide avenues lined 2 hundred century-old chestnut , plantain trees, which, along several old buildings wine depot, integrated new park. though park far center of city, next new palais omnisports indoor sports facility , cinematheque (originally american center, designed frank gehry) , linked new bridge new national library across seine. on river side, park bordered high terrace, blocked noise of highway along river , gave view on both seine , park. park has amphitheater, on site neolithic village discovered.

the landscaping of new park designed architects bernard huet, madeleine ferrand, jean-pierre feuges , landscape architects ian la caisne , philippe raguin. design created 3 separate gardens different themes, connected footbridges on streets divide them. western park, near @ palais omnisports, called les prairies, features broad lawns under trees; part of park used informal sports, soccer skateboarding , rollerblading. center park called les parterres, , devoted serious gardening. includes aromatic garden, rose garden, , vegetable garden school groups come learn agriculture , gardening. garden on east called le jardin romantique, , has water theme; includes canal, fishponds, cascades, , pool water lilies.